Oxidative phosphorylation

Front

What is oxidative phosphorylation?

Back

Oxidative phosphorylation is the metabolic pathway in which cells use enzymes to oxidize nutrients, thereby releasing energy, which is used to form ATP. It occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Front

What role do H⁺ ions play in oxidative phosphorylation?

Back

H⁺ ions move down their concentration gradient through ATP synthase, driving the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

Front

What is the electron transport chain?

Back

The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes located in the inner mitochondrial membrane that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, creating a proton gradient.

Front

Which component is NOT part of the electron transport chain?

Back

ATP synthase is not a component of the electron transport chain; it is a separate enzyme that utilizes the proton gradient created by the chain to synthesize ATP.

Front

How many ATP molecules are produced from one molecule of glucose during cellular respiration?

Back

A total of 38 ATP molecules are produced during the complete breakdown of one glucose molecule in a liver cell.

Front

Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur in the cell?

Back

Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the inner membrane of the mitochondria.

Front

What is the function of ATP synthase?

Back

ATP synthase synthesizes ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate using the energy derived from the flow of H⁺ ions down their concentration gradient.

Front

What is the significance of the proton gradient in oxidative phosphorylation?

Back

The proton gradient created by the electron transport chain is essential for ATP production, as it drives the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase.

Front

What are the main inputs for oxidative phosphorylation?

Back

The main inputs for oxidative phosphorylation are NADH and FADH₂, which donate electrons to the electron transport chain.

Front

What are the end products of oxidative phosphorylation?

Back

The end products of oxidative phosphorylation are ATP, water (formed when electrons combine with oxygen), and heat.