Covalent Bonding Flashcard

Front

What is a non-polar covalent bond?

Back

A non-polar covalent bond is a type of chemical bond where two atoms share a pair of electrons with each other equally, resulting in no charge separation. An example is the bond between two oxygen atoms (O—O).

Front

What happens during ionic bonding?

Back

Ionic bonding occurs when one atom transfers electrons to another atom, resulting in the formation of ions. For example, lithium and sulfur transfer electrons and form ions.

Front

How do you determine the polarity of a bond?

Back

The polarity of a bond is determined by the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms involved. A larger difference indicates a more polar bond.

Front

Which bond is more polar: N---O or H---O?

Back

The H---O bond is more polar than the N---O bond due to the greater electronegativity difference between hydrogen and oxygen compared to nitrogen and oxygen.

Front

Which bond is more polar: H---P or H---Br?

Back

The H---Br bond is more polar than the H---P bond because bromine is more electronegative than phosphorus.

Front

What is electronegativity?

Back

Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons in a chemical bond.

Front

What is the significance of electronegativity differences in bonding?

Back

Electronegativity differences determine the type of bond formed: non-polar covalent (small difference), polar covalent (moderate difference), or ionic (large difference).

Front

What is a polar covalent bond?

Back

A polar covalent bond is a type of bond where electrons are shared unequally between two atoms, resulting in a partial positive charge on one atom and a partial negative charge on the other.

Front

Can you give an example of a molecule with a non-polar covalent bond?

Back

An example of a molecule with a non-polar covalent bond is O2 (oxygen gas), where two oxygen atoms share electrons equally.

Front

What is the bond type between nitrogen and sulfur?

Back

The bond between nitrogen and sulfur is typically a covalent bond, characterized by a small difference in electronegativity.