AP Stats - Chapter 8 Review (released Exam MC Q's)

Front

What is a sampling distribution?

Back

A sampling distribution is the probability distribution of a statistic (like the sample mean) obtained from a large number of samples drawn from a specific population.

Front

Define the Central Limit Theorem.

Back

The Central Limit Theorem states that the sampling distribution of the sample mean will approach a normal distribution as the sample size becomes larger, regardless of the population's distribution.

Front

What is the difference between a population and a sample?

Back

A population includes all members of a specified group, while a sample is a subset of the population used to represent the group.

Front

What is a confidence interval?

Back

A confidence interval is a range of values, derived from a sample, that is likely to contain the population parameter with a specified level of confidence.

Front

Explain Type I and Type II errors.

Back

Type I error occurs when a true null hypothesis is rejected (false positive), while Type II error occurs when a false null hypothesis is not rejected (false negative).

Front

What is the purpose of hypothesis testing?

Back

Hypothesis testing is used to determine whether there is enough statistical evidence in a sample to infer that a certain condition holds for the entire population.

Front

Define p-value.

Back

The p-value is the probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the observed results, assuming that the null hypothesis is true.

Front

What is the significance level (alpha)?

Back

The significance level (alpha) is the threshold for rejecting the null hypothesis, commonly set at 0.05 or 0.01.

Front

What does it mean if a result is statistically significant?

Back

A result is statistically significant if the p-value is less than the significance level, indicating strong evidence against the null hypothesis.

Front

What is a normal distribution?

Back

A normal distribution is a continuous probability distribution characterized by a symmetric bell-shaped curve, defined by its mean and standard deviation.