Academic Statistics Vocabulary Flashcard Review

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What is Cluster Sampling?

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A sampling technique where entire groups (clusters) are selected at once, rather than individuals. Example: Selecting all students from specific groups in a classroom.

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Define Population in statistics.

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The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn. Example: All deer in a state park.

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What is a Statistic?

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A numerical value that describes a sample. Example: In a survey, if 53% of 1503 adults use both a landline and a cell phone, that percentage is a statistic.

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What is Convenience Sampling?

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A sampling technique where samples are taken from a group that is easily accessible. Example: Surveying everyone in a cafeteria.

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Define Parameter in statistics.

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A numerical value that describes a population. Example: The mean or average of a population.

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What is Simple Random Sampling?

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A sampling technique where every individual has an equal chance of being selected. Example: Randomly selecting names from a hat.

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What is Stratified Sampling?

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A sampling technique that involves dividing the population into subgroups (strata) and taking a sample from each. Example: Sampling students from different grades.

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What is Systematic Sampling?

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A sampling technique where you select every nth individual from a list. Example: Choosing every 10th person on a list.

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What is a Sample?

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A subset of the population selected for analysis. Example: 1503 adults surveyed from a larger population.

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What is the difference between a Parameter and a Statistic?

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A parameter describes a population, while a statistic describes a sample.