Why did President Jackson refuse to annex Texas at first?

upset the balance between free and slave states.

Define Compromise of 1850

a package of five separate bills passed by the United States Congress in September 1850 that defused a political confrontation between slave and free states on the status of territories acquired in the Mexican–American War

Define Kansas-Nebraska Act

1854 was a territorial organic act that created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska. It was drafted by Democratic Senator Stephen A. Douglas, passed by the 33rd United States Congress, and signed into law by President Franklin Pierce.

Define Manifest Destiny

the 19th-century doctrine or belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable

Define Popular Sovereignty

the principle that the authority of a state and its government are created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives, who are the source of all political power

Define Harriet Beecher Stowe

was an American author and abolitionist. She came from the Beecher family, a religious family, and became best known for her novel Uncle Tom's Cabin, which depicts the harsh conditions experienced by enslaved African Americans.

Define Uncle Tom’s Cabin

an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. Published in two volumes in 1852, the novel had a profound effect on attitudes toward African Americans and slavery in the U.S., and is said to have "helped lay the groundwork for the [American] Civil War."

Define the Underground Railroad

a network of secret routes and safe houses established in the United States during the early- to mid-19th century. It was used by enslaved African Americans primarily to escape into free states, Mexico, and Canada

Define Bleeding Kansas

a series of violent civil confrontations in Kansas Territory, and to a lesser extent in western Missouri, between 1854 and 1859. It emerged from a political and ideological debate over the legality of slavery in the proposed state of Kansas

an American abolitionist leader. First reaching national prominence for his radical abolitionism and fighting in Bleeding Kansas, he was eventually captured and executed for a failed incitement of a slave rebellion at Harpers Ferry preceding the American Civil War

Define Fugitive Slave Law

Law was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern interests in slavery and Northern Free-Soilers. Runaway slaves would be persecuted and arrested as well as returned to their owners if caught.

an enslaved African-American man who, along with his wife, Harriet, unsuccessfully sued for freedom for themselves and their two daughters in the Dred Scott v. Sandford case of 1857, popularly known as the "Dred Scott decision"

a rapid movement of people to a newly discovered goldfield in Sutter's Mill CA.. The first major gold rush, to California in 1848–49 and resulted in thousands of prospectors arriving in California, quickly populating the territory.

the 11th president of the United States, serving from 1845 to 1849. He previously was the 13th Speaker of the House of Representatives and ninth governor of Tennessee. His policies led to the expansion of America, as well as war with Mexico.

Define the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

officially titled the Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic, is the peace treaty that was signed on 2 February 1848, in the Villa de Guadalupe Hidalgo (now a neighborhood of Mexico City) between the United States and Mexico that ended the Mexican–American War (1846–1848)

Define the Mexican Cession

the region in the modern-day southwestern United States that Mexico ceded to the U.S. in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 after the Mexican–American War.

Provide historical examples to demonstrate how the North and South were divided over the future of slavery in the new territories.

For the North, the Compromise guaranteed that California would enter the Union as a Free State and the slave trade would end in the District of Columbia. For the South, the Compromise promised that popular sovereignty would decide the question of slavery in the Utah and New Mexico territories.

Explain the provisions of the Compromise of Missouri Compromise

This legislation admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a non-slave state at the same time, so as not to upset the balance between slave and free states in the nation. It also outlawed slavery above the 36 30 latitude line in the remainder of the Louisiana Territory.

Describe the roles John Brown played in the abolitionist movement. How did these actions contribute to sectionalism?

Militant American abolitionist John Brown led a raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia (now in West Virginia), in 1859 that he hoped would spark a slave rebellion. The raid on Harpers Ferry and the resulting execution of Brown was a major turning point in the American abolitionist movement, causing many peaceful abolitionists to accept more militant measures to push for the end of slavery.

What was the significance of Uncle Tom’s Cabin ?

Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin widened the chasm between the North and the South, greatly strengthened Northern abolitionism, and weakened British sympathy for the Southern cause. The most influential novel ever written by an American, it was one of the contributing causes of the Civil War.

What were the causes of westward expansion?

Gold rush and mining opportunities (silver in Nevada) The opportunity to work in the cattle industry; to be a “cowboy” Faster travel to the West by railroad; availability of supplies due to the railroad. The opportunity to own land cheaply under the Homestead Act

Why did the US go to war with Mexico? Options: Gold rush and mining opportunities (silver in Nevada) The opportunity to work in the cattle industry; to be a “cowboy” Faster travel to the West by railroad; availability of supplies due to the railroad. The opportunity to own land cheaply under the Homestead Act. Popular in the decades before the American Civil War, Manifest Destiny was used as a pretext for the United States to acquire land in the Oregon Country, Texas, Mexico, and California, even if the U.S. had to pay large amounts for new land, start a war with neighboring countries, or battle Native Americans who had lived on the land for generations.

It stemmed from the annexation of the Republic of Texas by the U.S. in 1845 and from a dispute over whether Texas ended at the Nueces River (the Mexican claim) or the Rio Grande (the U.S. claim)

How did the US acquire Texas?

The Annexation of Texas, the Mexican-American War, and the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 1845–1848. During his tenure, U.S. President James K. ... With the support of President-elect Polk, Tyler managed to get the joint resolution passed on March 1, 1845, and Texas was admitted into the United States on December 29.

What was the Mexican Cession?

The region in the modern-day southwestern United States that Mexico ceded to the U.S. in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 after the Mexican–American War.

What sparked population growth in the California territory in the 1840’s?

The California Gold Rush (1848–1855) was a gold rush that began on January 24, 1848, when gold was found by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California. The news of gold brought approximately 300,000 people to California from the rest of the United States and abroad.

5.2-5.6 Flashcard (Sectionalism / Abolitionists) Flashcards

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35 questions

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1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Which law made it easier for slave holders to track down fugitive slaves? Options: the Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854; the Missouri Compromise, 1820; the Fugitive Slave Act, 1851; the Dred Scott Decision, 1857

Back

the Fugitive Slave Act, 1851

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Which state entered the Union as a free state as a result of the Compromise of 1850? Options: Kansas, Nebraska, California, Wisconsin

Back

California

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What declared that slaves should remain property and did not have rights that should be recognized by white society?

Back

the Dred Scott Decision, 1857

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Which area on the map was annexed by the United States?

Back

5

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Which area on the map was part of the Mexican Cession?

Back

7

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the name given to the belief that the United States had the right and duty to expand across the North American continent?

Back

Manifest destiny

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Mormons moved from New York to the West in the early 1830s in order to

Back

seek out religious freedom

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