Energy and Momentum Test Review

Front

What is the formula for calculating potential energy?

Back

Potential Energy (PE) = mgh, where m = mass (kg), g = acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s²), h = height (m).

Front

What is the formula for calculating kinetic energy?

Back

Kinetic Energy (KE) = 0.5 * mv², where m = mass (kg), v = velocity (m/s).

Front

What is the unit of work?

Back

The unit of work is the Joule (J).

Front

What is the principle of conservation of energy?

Back

The total energy in a closed system remains constant; energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

Front

How do you calculate the total mechanical energy of an object?

Back

Total Mechanical Energy = Potential Energy + Kinetic Energy.

Front

What is the gravitational potential energy of a 3 kg object raised to a height of 5 meters?

Back

PE = mgh = 3 kg * 9.81 m/s² * 5 m = 147.15 J (approximately 147 J).

Front

If a cart has a mass of 200 kg at the top of a 3.15 m hill, what is its potential energy at that height?

Back

PE = mgh = 200 kg * 9.81 m/s² * 3.15 m = 6174 J.

Front

What happens to the potential energy of an object as it falls?

Back

As an object falls, its potential energy decreases while its kinetic energy increases, conserving total mechanical energy.

Front

What is the speed of a cart at the bottom of a hill if it starts from rest and rolls down?

Back

The speed can be calculated using energy conservation: KE at bottom = PE at top.

Front

What is the kinetic energy of a stationary object?

Back

The kinetic energy of a stationary object is 0 J.