Correlation

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What is correlation?

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Correlation is a statistical measure that describes the extent to which two variables change together. It can indicate the strength and direction of a relationship.

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What does a correlation coefficient of 1 indicate?

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A correlation coefficient of 1 indicates a perfect positive correlation, meaning that as one variable increases, the other variable also increases in a perfectly linear manner.

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What does a correlation coefficient of -1 indicate?

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A correlation coefficient of -1 indicates a perfect negative correlation, meaning that as one variable increases, the other variable decreases in a perfectly linear manner.

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What does a correlation coefficient of 0 indicate?

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A correlation coefficient of 0 indicates no correlation, meaning there is no linear relationship between the two variables.

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What is a positive correlation?

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A positive correlation occurs when two variables move in the same direction; as one variable increases, the other variable also increases.

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What is a negative correlation?

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A negative correlation occurs when two variables move in opposite directions; as one variable increases, the other variable decreases.

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What is an example of a positive correlation?

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An example of a positive correlation is the relationship between the number of hours studied and exam scores; generally, more study hours lead to higher scores.

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What is an example of a negative correlation?

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An example of a negative correlation is the relationship between outdoor temperature and heating costs; as temperature increases, heating costs typically decrease.

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What is a scatterplot?

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A scatterplot is a graph that displays values for two variables for a set of data, using dots to represent the values of each variable.

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How can you determine the strength of a correlation?

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The strength of a correlation can be determined by the absolute value of the correlation coefficient; values closer to 1 or -1 indicate a stronger correlation.