Survey Vs. Observational Study Vs. Experiment

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What is an Observational Study?

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An Observational Study is a research method where the researcher observes subjects in their natural environment without manipulation or intervention. It aims to gather data on behaviors or outcomes without influencing them.

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Example of an Observational Study.

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A teacher reviews students' test scores to identify which topics they struggle with.

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What is an Experiment?

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An Experiment is a research method where the researcher manipulates one or more variables to determine their effect on a dependent variable. It involves controlled conditions to establish cause-and-effect relationships.

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Example of an Experiment.

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A study where one group of men drinks one cup of coffee and another group drinks two cups, then their heart rates are measured after a month.

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What is a Survey?

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A Survey is a research method used to collect data from a predefined group of respondents to gain information and insights on various topics, often through questionnaires or interviews.

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Example of a Survey.

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A news station asks viewers to call in and share their opinions about a new stadium construction.

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Difference between Observational Study and Experiment.

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Observational Studies do not involve manipulation of variables, while Experiments involve controlled manipulation to observe effects.

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When is a Survey appropriate to use?

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A Survey is appropriate when seeking opinions, preferences, or self-reported data from a group.

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What is the purpose of an Observational Study?

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The purpose is to gather data on subjects' behaviors or outcomes in a natural setting without interference.

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What type of data is collected in an Experiment?

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Quantitative data is often collected in an Experiment to measure the effects of variable manipulation.