Translation

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Front

What is translation in the context of molecular biology?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information encoded in mRNA.

Front

What role does mRNA play in translation?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in translation?

Back

tRNA transports specific amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the codons in the mRNA.

Front

What are anticodons?

Back

Anticodons are sequences of three nucleotides in tRNA that are complementary to the codons in mRNA.

Front

What type of bond forms between amino acids during translation?

Back

Peptide bonds (covalent) form between amino acids during translation.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in translation?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular machinery that facilitate the translation of mRNA into a polypeptide chain (protein).

Front

What is the significance of the start codon?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.

Front

What is the significance of the stop codon?

Back

Stop codons signal the termination of translation, indicating that the protein synthesis is complete.