Cell Size AP Bio

Front

What is the significance of cell size in biological systems?

Back

Cell size affects the efficiency of nutrient uptake, waste removal, and overall cellular function. Smaller cells have a higher surface area-to-volume ratio, facilitating better exchange with the environment.

Front

Define surface area-to-volume (SA:V) ratio.

Back

The surface area-to-volume ratio is a measure that compares the surface area of a cell to its volume. It is crucial for understanding how efficiently a cell can exchange materials with its environment.

Front

How does a higher SA:V ratio benefit a cell?

Back

A higher SA:V ratio allows for more efficient exchange of materials (nutrients and waste) across the plasma membrane, which is vital for cell survival and function.

Front

Calculate the SA:V ratio for a cube with a side length of 2 cm.

Back

SA = 6 * (2 cm)^2 = 24 cm²; V = (2 cm)^3 = 8 cm³; SA:V = 24 cm² / 8 cm³ = 3.0.

Front

What factors influence the efficiency of exchange through the plasma membrane?

Back

Factors include cell size, shape, surface area, and the properties of the plasma membrane (e.g., permeability, transport mechanisms).

Front

Identify which cell would have the most efficient exchange: Cell A (SA:V = 1.2) or Cell B (SA:V = 1.0).

Back

Cell A would have the most efficient exchange due to its higher SA:V ratio.

Front

What is the relationship between cell size and metabolic rate?

Back

Generally, smaller cells have a higher metabolic rate per unit volume due to their larger SA:V ratio, allowing for more efficient nutrient uptake and waste removal.

Front

Explain why larger cells may face challenges in nutrient uptake.

Back

Larger cells have a lower SA:V ratio, which can limit the rate at which nutrients can enter the cell and waste can exit, potentially leading to inefficiencies.

Front

Calculate the SA:V ratio for a cell with a surface area of 30 cm² and a volume of 10 cm³.

Back

SA:V = 30 cm² / 10 cm³ = 3.0.

Front

What is the role of the plasma membrane in cellular exchange?

Back

The plasma membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis and allowing for communication with the environment.