AP Biology: Unit 3

Front

What is a competitive inhibitor?

Back

A competitive inhibitor is a substance that binds to the active site of an enzyme, preventing the substrate from binding and thus inhibiting the enzyme's activity.

Front

Where does the substrate bind on an enzyme?

Back

The substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme.

Front

What is denaturation in the context of enzymes?

Back

Denaturation is the process where an enzyme loses its three-dimensional structure due to external factors like temperature or pH changes, leading to a loss of function.

Front

Which structure of a protein is unaffected by denaturation?

Back

The primary structure of a protein is unaffected by denaturation.

Front

What is glycolysis?

Back

Glycolysis is a metabolic process that breaks down glucose into pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP, and does not require oxygen.

Front

What environmental conditions can cause enzyme denaturation?

Back

Extreme increases in temperature and changes in pH can cause enzyme denaturation.

Front

What is the role of the active site in an enzyme?

Back

The active site is the region on the enzyme where the substrate binds and the reaction occurs.

Front

What is the difference between competitive and non-competitive inhibitors?

Back

Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site, while non-competitive inhibitors bind to an allosteric site, changing the enzyme's shape and function.

Front

What is the significance of the tertiary structure of a protein?

Back

The tertiary structure determines the overall shape and function of the protein, including the arrangement of secondary structures.

Front

What is oxidative phosphorylation?

Back

Oxidative phosphorylation is a metabolic pathway that uses energy released by the electron transport chain to produce ATP, requiring oxygen.