Genetics

Front

A homozygous dominant dog with brown fur is crossed with a heterozygous dog with brown fur. What are the percentages of the possible genotypes?

Back

50% BB and 50% Bb

Answer explanation

When crossing a homozygous dominant (BB) dog with a heterozygous (Bb) dog, the possible genotypes are BB and Bb. The Punnett square shows 50% BB and 50% Bb, making the correct answer 50% BB and 50% Bb.

Front

Who is considered the "father" of modern genetics?

Back

Mendel

Answer explanation

Gregor Mendel is considered the 'father' of modern genetics due to his pioneering work on inheritance patterns in pea plants, which laid the foundation for the field of genetics.

Front

What type of "square" helps us solve genetic problems?

Back

Punnett square

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'Punnett square', which is a diagram used to predict the outcome of genetic crosses by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

TT, tt, PP, pp, SS, ss are examples of alleles that are?

Back

homozygous

Answer explanation

TT, tt, PP, pp, SS, ss represent pairs of alleles where both alleles are the same for each trait. This is the definition of homozygous, as opposed to heterozygous, where the alleles would be different.

Front

The exact genetic makeup of an organism, such as RR, Tt, PP is its?

Back

genotype

Answer explanation

The exact genetic makeup of an organism, represented by combinations like RR, Tt, or PP, is referred to as its genotype. This term specifically describes the genetic constitution, distinguishing it from phenotype, which is the observable traits.

Front

What alleles would produce yellow bodies?

Back

YY, Yy

Answer explanation

To produce yellow bodies, an organism must have at least one dominant allele Y. The genotypes YY (homozygous dominant) and Yy (heterozygous) both result in yellow bodies, making the correct answer YY,Yy.

Front

A couple has 4 girls. What is the chance the next child will be a boy?

Back

50%

Answer explanation

The sex of each child is independent of previous births. Each child has a 50% chance of being a boy (XY) or a girl (XX). Therefore, the chance the next child will be a boy is 50%.

Front

If "T" is the allele for tall and "t" is the allele for short, then Tt would produce?

Back

tall

Answer explanation

The genotype Tt contains one dominant allele (T) for tallness and one recessive allele (t) for shortness. The presence of the dominant allele T means the phenotype will be tall.

Front

A physical characteristic that can be passed from parent to offspring.

Back

trait

Answer explanation

A trait is a physical characteristic that can be inherited from parents to offspring, making it the correct choice. Behavior, strong muscles, and the ability to fly a plane are not directly inherited traits.

Front

Aa is

Back

heterozygous (hybrid)

Answer explanation

Aa represents a combination of two different alleles, with one dominant (A) and one recessive (a). This indicates that the organism is heterozygous (hybrid), as it has two different alleles for the same gene.