EOC Review Unit 1-Macromolecules, Enzymes, and Cells

Front

What is the active site of an enzyme?

Back

The active site is the specific region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.

Front

What are the primary functions of proteins in the body?

Back

Proteins build structures, act as hormones, transport molecules, and function as enzymes.

Front

What are the monomers that make up DNA?

Back

The monomers of DNA are nucleotides, which consist of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

Front

What is the role of the Endoplasmic Reticulum in a cell?

Back

The Endoplasmic Reticulum helps transport ribosomes and other materials around the inside of the cell.

Front

Define macromolecules.

Back

Macromolecules are large, complex molecules that are essential for life, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.

Front

What are the four main types of macromolecules?

Back

The four main types of macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front

What is the function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Back

Carbohydrates provide energy, serve as structural components, and are involved in cell recognition.

Front

What are enzymes made of?

Back

Enzymes are primarily made of proteins, which are composed of amino acids.

Front

What is the difference between a substrate and a product in a chemical reaction?

Back

A substrate is the reactant that an enzyme acts upon, while a product is the substance formed as a result of the reaction.