Periodic Table of Elements Flashcard

Front

What is the atomic radius?

Back

The atomic radius is the distance from the nucleus of an atom to the outermost shell of electrons. It generally decreases across a period and increases down a group in the periodic table.

Front

Which element has the smallest atomic radius in period 3?

Back

Chlorine (Cl) has the smallest atomic radius in period 3 due to increased nuclear charge pulling electrons closer to the nucleus.

Front

What is the most active metal in period 2?

Back

Lithium is the most active metal in period 2, as it readily loses its outermost electron.

Front

Define alkali metals.

Back

Alkali metals are the elements in group 1 of the periodic table, characterized by having one valence electron and being highly reactive, especially with water.

Front

Which element is an alkali metal?

Back

Sodium (Na) is an alkali metal.

Front

What are valence electrons?

Back

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in forming bonds with other atoms.

Front

How many valence electrons does germanium have?

Back

Germanium has 4 valence electrons in its ground state.

Front

What is a metalloid?

Back

Metalloids are elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals. They are found along the zig-zag line on the periodic table.

Front

Give an example of a metalloid.

Back

Silicon (Si) is an example of a metalloid.

Front

What is the significance of the periodic table?

Back

The periodic table organizes elements based on their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties, allowing for predictions about element behavior.