Anatomy of a Long Bone

Front

What is the periosteum?

Back

The periosteum is a dense layer of vascular connective tissue that covers the outer surface of bones, except at the surfaces of the joints. It plays a crucial role in bone growth, repair, and nutrition.

Front

What is the function of the medullary cavity?

Back

The medullary cavity is the central cavity of bone shafts where red and yellow bone marrow is stored. It is involved in the production of blood cells and the storage of fat.

Front

What is yellow marrow?

Back

Yellow marrow is a type of bone marrow that primarily stores fat and is found in the medullary cavity of long bones in adults.

Front

What is the diaphysis?

Back

The diaphysis is the long, tubular shaft of a long bone, which provides strength and support. It is composed mainly of compact bone.

Front

What are the epiphyses?

Back

The epiphyses are the ends of a long bone, which are typically wider than the diaphysis. They are covered with articular cartilage and contain spongy bone.

Front

What is the epiphyseal line?

Back

The epiphyseal line is a remnant of the growth plate (epiphyseal plate) in adults, indicating where bone growth occurred during development.

Front

What is compact bone?

Back

Compact bone is the dense, hard outer layer of bone that provides strength and support. It is made up of tightly packed osteons.

Front

What is spongy bone?

Back

Spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone, is a lighter, less dense bone found at the ends of long bones and in the interior of others. It contains trabeculae and is involved in the production of blood cells.

Front

What is the role of osteocytes?

Back

Osteocytes are mature bone cells that maintain bone tissue and communicate with other bone cells to regulate bone remodeling.

Front

What is the function of osteoblasts?

Back

Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells that synthesize and secrete the bone matrix, leading to the formation of new bone.