Cell Organelles and Functions (Living Environment Regents)

Front

What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

Front

What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is the role of the plasma membrane?

Back

The plasma membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis.

Front

What is a key difference between plant and animal cells?

Back

Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, while animal cells do not.

Front

What organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they produce ATP through cellular respiration.

Front

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

Back

The nucleus houses the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities by regulating gene expression.

Front

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Back

The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of proteins (rough ER) and lipids (smooth ER), and it also plays a role in detoxification.

Front

What is the function of lysosomes?

Back

Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Front

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus?

Back

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

What is a cell wall and which cells have it?

Back

A cell wall is a rigid outer layer that provides support and protection; it is found in plant cells, fungi, and some bacteria.