Interval Notation

A mathematical notation used to represent a range of values, typically expressed using parentheses and brackets to indicate whether endpoints are included or excluded.

The set of all real numbers x such that a < x < b, excluding the endpoints a and b.

The set of all real numbers x such that a ≤ x ≤ b, including the endpoints a and b.

The set of all real numbers x such that a < x ≤ b, excluding the endpoint a but including the endpoint b.

The set of all real numbers x such that a ≤ x < b, including the endpoint a but excluding the endpoint b.

It indicates that two or more intervals are combined to form a single set of values.

Using interval notation, it is expressed as (-∞, ∞).

The set of all possible input values (x-values) for which the function is defined.

The set of all possible output values (y-values) that a function can produce.

Use the vertical line test: if a vertical line intersects the graph at more than one point, it is not a function.