
DNA & Protein Synthesis
Flashcard
•
Science
•
9th Grade
•
Practice Problem
•
Hard
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15 questions
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is DNA?
Back
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life, composed of two strands forming a double helix.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?
Back
mRNA (messenger RNA) is a type of RNA that carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a codon?
Back
A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the process of transcription?
Back
Transcription is the process by which the information in a segment of DNA is copied into mRNA.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the process of translation?
Back
Translation is the process by which ribosomes read the mRNA sequence and synthesize the corresponding protein by linking amino acids together.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are amino acids?
Back
Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins, each coded for by specific codons in mRNA.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the start codon?
Back
The start codon is the first codon of a messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript that is translated by a ribosome; it is usually AUG, which codes for Methionine.
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