AP Statistics - Chapter 4 - Experimental Design

Front

What is an experiment in the context of statistics?

Back

A controlled study in which the researcher attempts to understand cause-and-effect relationships by assigning subjects to groups and deciding which treatments each group receives.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

Front

Why is the experimental design in the rubber band test flawed?

Back

Temperature is confounded with brand, making it difficult to isolate the effect of temperature on elasticity.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

Front

What type of sampling method is used when a psychologist randomly selects schools and tests all ninth-grade students in those schools?

Back

Cluster Sample.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

Front

What sampling method is used when the president of a college selects 2 students from each department?

Back

Stratified Sampling.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.A.1

CCSS.7.SP.A.1

Front

How can nonresponse bias affect survey results?

Back

The graduates who did not respond may represent a group that is homogeneous with respect to income and differs from the graduates who did respond.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

Front

Define 'confounding variable' in experimental design.

Back

A confounding variable is an outside influence that changes the effect of a dependent and independent variable.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

Front

What is the difference between a census and a sample?

Back

A census includes every member of a population, while a sample includes only a subset of the population.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.A.1

CCSS.7.SP.A.1

Front

What is a stratified random sample?

Back

A sampling method where the population is divided into subgroups (strata) and random samples are taken from each stratum.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

Front

What is the purpose of random assignment in experiments?

Back

To ensure that each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to any group, reducing bias.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

Front

What is a control group in an experiment?

Back

A group that does not receive the treatment and is used as a benchmark to measure how the other tested subjects do.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3