Passive and Active Transport

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell. It relies on the concentration gradient, moving substances from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane using energy, usually in the form of ATP. It moves substances against their concentration gradient, from areas of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration.

Front

Define hypertonic solution.

Back

A hypertonic solution is one that has a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution. In a hypertonic environment, water moves out of the cell, causing it to shrink.

Front

Define hypotonic solution.

Back

A hypotonic solution is one that has a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution. In a hypotonic environment, water moves into the cell, causing it to swell.

Front

Define isotonic solution.

Back

An isotonic solution is one that has the same concentration of solutes as another solution. In an isotonic environment, water moves in and out of the cell at equal rates, maintaining cell size.

Front

What role does the cell membrane play in transport?

Back

The cell membrane controls what substances may enter or leave the cell, helping to maintain homeostasis.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Front

What is exocytosis?

Back

Exocytosis is the process by which a cell expels materials in vesicles that fuse with the cell membrane, releasing their contents outside the cell.

Front

What is endocytosis?

Back

Endocytosis is the process by which a cell takes in materials by engulfing them in a vesicle formed from the cell membrane.