Rome: From Republic to Empire

Front

What significant political change occurred in Rome around 509 BCE?

Back

Roman aristocrats threw off the monarchy and established a republic dominated by patricians.

Front

Who exercised executive authority in the Roman Republic?

Back

Two consuls

Front

What were the values of the Roman Republic that were later idealized as "the way of the ancestors"?

Back

Rule of law, the rights of citizens, absence of pretension, upright moral behavior, keeping one’s word

Front

What was the outcome of the Punic Wars between Rome and Carthage?

Back

Rome destroyed Carthage, razed the city, and sold its inhabitants into slavery.

Front

By the early 2nd century CE, what was the extent of the Roman Empire?

Back

It had reached its maximum extent.

Front

What role did the Roman army play in the expansion of the Roman Empire?

Back

It was the army, "well-trained, well-fed, and well-rewarded," that built the empire.

Front

How did the wealth of the Roman Empire affect its society?

Back

It enriched a few, enabling them to acquire large estates and many slaves.

Front

What was the Pax Romana?

Back

The era of imperial Rome’s greatest extent and greatest authority, known as Roman peace.

Front

What happened to the authority of the pater familias in Roman society?

Back

It decreased, and they lost the power of life and death over their family.

Front

How did Augustus maintain the appearance of the Roman Republic?

Back

By maintaining the forms of the Republic and referring to himself as "first man" rather than "king" or "emperor".