DNA Concepts

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DNA

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Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information.

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replikace

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Replication, the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself.

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polymeráza

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Polymerase, an enzyme that synthesizes DNA molecules from nucleotides.

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primer

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A short strand of RNA or DNA that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis.

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nukleotid

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Nucleotide, the basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

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genom

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Genome, the complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.

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transkripce

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Transcription, the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.