Rhetorical Appeals and Devices

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ANAPHORA

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The intentional repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of a line for emphasis.

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Ethos

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Citing expertise and credibility.

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ALLUSION

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A brief reference to a famous person or event—often from literature, history, Greek myth, or the Bible.

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PARALLELISM

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Successive words, phrases, clauses expressed with the same or very similar grammatical structure.

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Juxtaposition

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Putting two contrasting elements together that are so unlike that the effect is surprising, witty, or even startling.

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Pathos

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Appealing to emotions and personal stories.

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Logos

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Using statistics and sources to support an argument.

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Metaphor

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A figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things by stating one is the other.

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Simile

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A figure of speech that compares two unlike things using 'like' or 'as'.

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Hyperbole

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An exaggerated statement not meant to be taken literally.