DNA Structure and Replication

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is a double helix composed of two strands of nucleotides, which include a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

Back

A pairs with T and C pairs with G.

Front

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase unwinds the double helix, separating the two strands of DNA.

Front

What is the difference between the leading and lagging strands during DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is synthesized continuously, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short fragments called Okazaki fragments.

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Front

What is meant by 'antiparallel' in the context of DNA?

Back

The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions; one strand runs 5' to 3' and the other runs 3' to 5'.

Front

What is the sugar component of DNA?

Back

The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose.

Front

What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA nucleotides synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

Front

What is semiconservative replication?

Back

Semiconservative replication means that each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.