Polarity

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•
Science
•
10th Grade
•
Hard
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is polarity in chemistry?
Back
Polarity refers to the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms joined by the bond. A polar molecule has a partial positive charge on one end and a partial negative charge on the other end.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What determines if a molecule is polar or nonpolar?
Back
The polarity of a molecule is determined by the difference in electronegativity between the atoms and the shape of the molecule. If the electronegativity difference is significant and the molecule is asymmetrical, it is likely polar.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is electronegativity?
Back
Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons. It is a key factor in determining the polarity of a bond.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a nonpolar molecule?
Back
A nonpolar molecule is one where the electrons are shared equally between the atoms, resulting in no overall charge difference across the molecule.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Give an example of a polar molecule.
Back
Water (H2O) is a common example of a polar molecule due to its bent shape and the difference in electronegativity between hydrogen and oxygen.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Give an example of a nonpolar molecule.
Back
Oxygen gas (O2) is an example of a nonpolar molecule because the two oxygen atoms share electrons equally.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the significance of molecular shape in determining polarity?
Back
The shape of a molecule affects how the dipoles (charge differences) are arranged. If the dipoles cancel each other out due to symmetry, the molecule is nonpolar.
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