Science: Matter and Energy - Chapter 3 Test 2

Front

In a cartoon world, when a superhero speeds up to catch a villain, what quantity of motion is defined as the product of the superhero's mass and velocity?

Back

momentum

Answer explanation

The quantity of motion defined as the product of mass and velocity is called momentum. It represents how much motion an object has, making 'momentum' the correct choice in this context.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

Front

In the cartoon world, which character's ideas about science were followed for nearly two thousand years?

Back

Aristotle

Answer explanation

Aristotle's ideas dominated scientific thought for nearly two thousand years, influencing various fields until they were challenged by later scientists like Galileo and Newton. Thus, he is the correct answer.

Front

In the cartoon world, who is the genius scientist character known for discovering the laws of motion and gravitation, often depicted as a wise old owl?

Back

Isaac Newton

Answer explanation

Isaac Newton is the genius scientist known for formulating the laws of motion and universal gravitation. In cartoons, he is often depicted as a wise old owl, symbolizing wisdom and knowledge in science.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

Front

Speedy travels 19 meters in 2.0 seconds. What is Speedy's velocity?

Back

9.5 m/s

Answer explanation

To find Speedy's velocity, divide the distance traveled by the time taken: 19 meters / 2.0 seconds = 9.5 m/s. Therefore, the correct answer is 9.5 m/s.

Front

In the cartoon world, when a character pushes a giant boulder up a hill, what is the SI unit used to measure the work done?

Back

joule

Answer explanation

The work done in physics is measured in joules, which is the SI unit for energy. When a character pushes a boulder up a hill, the energy expended is quantified in joules, making it the correct choice.

Front

In many cartoons, characters often use a simple machine to lift heavy objects by pulling a rope over a wheel. What is this simple machine called?

Back

pulley

Answer explanation

The simple machine used to lift heavy objects by pulling a rope over a wheel is called a pulley. It allows for easier lifting by changing the direction of the force applied.

Front

In a cartoon world, a character is trying to push a heavy box up a ramp to reach a platform. The ramp is 3.0 m long and the platform is 1.5 m high. What is the ideal mechanical advantage of the ramp?

Back

2.0

Answer explanation

The ideal mechanical advantage (IMA) of a ramp is calculated as the ratio of the height of the ramp to its length. Here, IMA = height/length = 1.5 m / 3.0 m = 0.5. However, since we consider the effort distance, IMA = length/height = 3.0 m / 1.5 m = 2.0.

Front

In a cartoon world, when a character falls from a great height, what is the speed called when they stop accelerating due to air resistance?

Back

terminal velocity

Answer explanation

The speed at which a falling character stops accelerating due to air resistance is called terminal velocity. At this point, the force of gravity is balanced by air resistance, resulting in a constant speed.

Front

In the world of cartoons, what is any mathematical quantity that has both magnitude and direction, much like how a superhero might fly in a specific direction with a certain speed?

Back

vector

Answer explanation

In cartoons, a mathematical quantity with both magnitude and direction is called a vector. This is similar to a superhero flying with a specific speed in a certain direction, distinguishing it from scalars like distance or displacement.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

Front

Net force when a character pushes a boulder left with 35 N and another pushes right with 26 N.

Back

9 N to the left

Answer explanation

To find the net force, subtract the force to the right (26 N) from the force to the left (35 N). This gives 35 N - 26 N = 9 N to the left, making the correct answer 9 N to the left.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1