NC EOC Review: Cell Structures & Functions

Front

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

Back

The nucleus is the control center of the cell, containing DNA and regulating gene expression.

Front

What are phospholipids?

Back

Phospholipids are molecules that make up the plasma membrane, consisting of a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and two hydrophobic (water-repelling) tails.

Front

What is the role of mitochondria in a cell?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for producing ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through cellular respiration.

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using chloroplasts.

Front

What are centrioles and their function?

Back

Centrioles are cylindrical structures that play a crucial role in cell division by helping to organize the mitotic spindle.

Front

What is the plasma membrane?

Back

The plasma membrane is a selective barrier that surrounds the cell, composed mainly of phospholipids and proteins, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in the cell, translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is the Golgi apparatus?

Back

The Golgi apparatus is an organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

What is the cytoplasm?

Back

Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance within the cell membrane that contains organelles and is the site of many metabolic processes.

Front

What is chlorophyll?

Back

Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.