Unit 7: Evolution

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What are vestigial structures?

Back

Vestigial structures are body parts that have lost their original function through evolution. An example is the wings of an ostrich.

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What is convergent evolution?

Back

Convergent evolution is the process where unrelated species develop similar traits due to adapting to similar environments. An example is succulents in deserts.

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What is an adaptation?

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An adaptation is an inherited trait that enhances an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment.

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What is punctuated equilibrium?

Back

Punctuated equilibrium is a theory in evolutionary biology that suggests species evolve during short periods of rapid change, followed by long periods of stability.

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What does it mean for two organisms to have very similar DNA sequences?

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It indicates that the organisms are closely related and share a common ancestor.

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What are homologous structures?

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Homologous structures are body parts in different species that have a similar origin but may serve different functions, indicating a common ancestry.

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What is adaptive radiation?

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Adaptive radiation is the process by which a single ancestor species rapidly diversifies into a wide variety of forms to adapt to different environments.

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What is the difference between gradualism and punctuated equilibrium?

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Gradualism suggests that evolution occurs slowly and steadily, while punctuated equilibrium proposes that evolution happens in rapid bursts followed by stability.

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What is coevolution?

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Coevolution is the process where two or more species influence each other's evolution, often seen in predator-prey relationships.

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What is natural selection?

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Natural selection is the process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.