Fall Midterm Review (OnRamps Biology)

Front

What is responsible for making a protein?

Back

The sequence of nitrogenous bases.

Front

What happens when aquaporins are injected into the membranes of epithelial cells that line blood vessels?

Back

The membranes will become more permeable to water.

Front

Which temperature and pH profile curves on the graphs were most likely generated from analysis of an enzyme from a human stomach where conditions are strongly acid?

Back

Curves 1 & 4.

Front

What is an enzyme?

Back

A biological catalyst that works in living cells to speed up chemical reactions.

Front

What is oxidation?

Back

Loss of electrons.

Front

What is the role of nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

They encode genetic information.

Front

What is the function of aquaporins in cells?

Back

To facilitate the transport of water across cell membranes.

Front

What is the effect of pH on enzyme activity?

Back

Enzymes have optimal pH ranges where they function best; extreme pH can denature them.

Front

What is the difference between a catalyst and an enzyme?

Back

An enzyme is a biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms.

Front

What is the significance of the phosphate-sugar backbone in DNA?

Back

It provides structural support and stability to the DNA molecule.