Protein Synthesis Flashcard

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA, which occurs in the nucleus of the cell.

Front

What is the complementary mRNA sequence for the DNA sequence GAT CCT?

Back

The complementary mRNA sequence is CUA GGA.

Front

Which base pairs with adenine in RNA?

Back

Uracil pairs with adenine in RNA.

Front

What is the transcribed mRNA sequence for the DNA sequence ATCCGTC?

Back

The transcribed mRNA sequence is UAGGCAG.

Front

What initiates the process of translation?

Back

Translation begins when the start codon 'AUG' is read.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA serves as a template for translating the genetic code into a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids or stop signals during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular machinery that facilitate the translation of mRNA into a polypeptide chain (protein).

Front

What is the process of translation?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes read the mRNA sequence and assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain.