8.5 practice - hypothesis testing proportions

Front

What is a P-value in hypothesis testing?

Back

The probability of obtaining the results (or one more extreme) if the null hypothesis is true.

Front

What does it mean to reject the null hypothesis?

Back

It indicates that there is sufficient evidence to support the alternative hypothesis.

Front

What is the significance level (alpha) in hypothesis testing?

Back

The threshold for determining whether to reject the null hypothesis, commonly set at 0.05.

Front

What conclusion do we draw if the P-value is less than alpha?

Back

We reject the null hypothesis.

Front

What conclusion do we draw if the P-value is greater than alpha?

Back

We fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Front

What are the null and alternative hypotheses for a mayor concerned about disapproval ratings below 21%?

Back

Ho: p > 0.21; Ha: p < 0.21.

Front

How do you calculate the z-score in hypothesis testing?

Back

z = (p̂ - p0) / sqrt[(p0(1-p0))/n], where p̂ is the sample proportion, p0 is the population proportion, and n is the sample size.

Front

What does a Type I error represent?

Back

Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true.

Front

What does a Type II error represent?

Back

Failing to reject the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true.

Front

What is the purpose of hypothesis testing?

Back

To determine if there is enough evidence to support a specific claim about a population parameter.