Mendelian Genetics Vocab

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A trait that can be hidden by another trait

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Recessive trait: A trait that is not expressed when a dominant allele is present.

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The passing of traits from one generation to the next

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Heredity: The process through which genetic traits are transmitted from parents to offspring.

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A section of DNA that determines a specific trait

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Gene: A unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and determines a characteristic.

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A trait that is expressed over another trait

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Dominant trait: A trait that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present.

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Having two recessive alleles for a trait

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Homozygous recessive: An organism that has two identical recessive alleles for a specific trait.

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Having two identical alleles for a trait

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Homozygous: An organism with two identical alleles, either dominant or recessive, for a trait.

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Having two different alleles for a trait

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Heterozygous: An organism that has two different alleles for a specific trait.

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The physical expression of a trait

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Phenotype: The observable characteristics or traits of an organism.

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The genetic makeup of an organism

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Genotype: The genetic constitution of an individual, representing the alleles inherited from parents.

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The observable characteristics of an organism resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment

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Phenotype: The expression of the genotype in a specific environment.