Protein Synthesis

Front

What is the process of Transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process by which the genetic information in DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA). This occurs in the nucleus of the cell.

Front

Where does Translation occur in the cell?

Back

Translation occurs in the cytoplasm, specifically at the ribosomes, where mRNA is translated into a protein.

Front

What is Translation in protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes read the sequence of mRNA and use it to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain, forming a protein.

Front

What is mRNA?

Back

mRNA, or messenger RNA, is a type of RNA that carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What are nucleotides?

Back

Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What role does tRNA play in Translation?

Back

tRNA, or transfer RNA, brings the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome during translation, matching them to the codons on the mRNA.

Front

What is the role of rRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

rRNA, or ribosomal RNA, is a component of ribosomes and plays a crucial role in the assembly of amino acids into proteins.

Front

What is the difference between Transcription and Translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying DNA into mRNA, while Translation is the process of converting mRNA into a protein.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.