Protein Synthesis & Mutations

Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to amino acids.

Front

What are the two main stages of protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription and Translation.

Front

Where does transcription occur in the cell?

Back

In the nucleus.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the function of tRNA?

Back

tRNA transports amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the coded mRNA sequence.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the start codon for protein synthesis?

Back

AUG.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, synthesizing proteins by linking amino acids together.

Front

What is translation?

Back

The process of reading mRNA and assembling amino acids to form a protein.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein synthesis.