Cell Cycle Regulation

Front

What is interphase?

Back

Interphase is the phase of the cell cycle where the cell prepares for division. It includes growth, DNA replication, and obtaining nutrients, but not cell division.

Front

What happens during the G1 phase of interphase?

Back

During the G1 phase, the cell grows and synthesizes proteins necessary for DNA replication.

Front

What is the role of DNA replication in the cell cycle?

Back

DNA replication ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes during cell division.

Front

What is chromatin?

Back

Chromatin is the relaxed form of DNA found in the nucleus during interphase, allowing for gene expression and DNA replication.

Front

What are cyclins?

Back

Cyclins are proteins that regulate the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) at specific checkpoints.

Front

What are cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)?

Back

CDKs are enzymes that, when activated by cyclins, phosphorylate target proteins to drive the cell cycle forward.

Front

What is the purpose of cell division?

Back

Cell division is necessary for growth, repair of damaged cells, and replacement of dying cells.

Front

What is the significance of the S phase in interphase?

Back

The S phase is where DNA replication occurs, resulting in two identical sets of chromosomes.

Front

What happens during the G2 phase of interphase?

Back

During the G2 phase, the cell continues to grow and prepares for mitosis by synthesizing proteins and organelles.

Front

What is the relationship between cell size and surface area to volume ratio?

Back

As a cell grows, its volume increases faster than its surface area, which can limit the cell's ability to transport materials.