Observational Studies and Experiment Review

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What is an observational study?

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An observational study is a type of research where the researcher observes and records behavior or outcomes without manipulating any variables. It does not involve any intervention.

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What is an experiment?

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An experiment is a research method where the researcher manipulates one or more variables to determine their effect on a response variable, allowing for the establishment of causal relationships.

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What is a response variable?

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A response variable is the outcome or effect that is measured in an experiment to see how it is influenced by changes in the explanatory variable.

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What is an explanatory variable?

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An explanatory variable is a variable that is manipulated in an experiment to observe its effect on the response variable.

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What does 'double blind' mean in an experimental context?

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Double blind refers to an experimental procedure where neither the participants nor the researchers know who is receiving the treatment or the placebo, reducing bias.

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What is the main difference between experiments and observational studies?

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The main difference is that experiments can establish causal relationships through manipulation of variables, while observational studies can only identify associations.

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What is a factor in an experiment?

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A factor is a variable that is changed or controlled in an experiment to test its effects on the response variable.

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What are levels in the context of experimental factors?

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Levels refer to the different values or categories of a factor that are tested in an experiment.

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What is a treatment in an experiment?

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A treatment is a specific condition or combination of conditions applied to subjects in an experiment.

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What is the purpose of a placebo in an experiment?

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A placebo is used as a control to compare against the treatment group, helping to isolate the effect of the treatment.