AP Biology Unit 4 Exam

Front

What is mitosis?

Back

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell, involving stages such as prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Front

What happens during prophase of mitosis?

Back

During prophase, chromosomes condense and become visible, the nuclear envelope begins to break down, and the mitotic spindle starts to form.

Front

What is the role of the mitotic spindle?

Back

The mitotic spindle is a structure made of microtubules that segregates chromosomes into the daughter cells during mitosis.

Front

Define anaphase in mitosis.

Back

Anaphase is the stage of mitosis where sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

Front

What occurs during telophase?

Back

During telophase, the chromosomes reach the poles, the nuclear envelope re-forms around each set of chromosomes, and the chromosomes begin to de-condense.

Front

What is interphase?

Back

Interphase is the longest phase of the cell cycle, during which the cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and prepares for mitosis.

Front

What are checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Back

Checkpoints are regulatory points in the cell cycle that ensure proper division and prevent errors, such as DNA damage or incomplete replication.

Front

What is the significance of cancer cells ignoring cell cycle checkpoints?

Back

Cancer cells that ignore cell cycle checkpoints can undergo unregulated cell division, leading to tumor formation and cancer progression.

Front

What are microtubules?

Back

Microtubules are cylindrical structures made of tubulin proteins that are critical for maintaining cell shape, enabling cell motility, and forming the mitotic spindle.

Front

What is the difference between cytokinesis and mitosis?

Back

Mitosis is the division of the nucleus, while cytokinesis is the process that divides the cytoplasm, resulting in two separate daughter cells.