Unit 6 Genetic Engineering and Technology Test

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What is genetic engineering?

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Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology. It involves altering the genetic material to achieve desired traits.

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What is gel electrophoresis used for?

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Gel electrophoresis is a technique used to separate DNA, RNA, or proteins based on their size and charge, allowing for analysis of genetic material.

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What is a plasmid?

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A plasmid is a small, circular piece of DNA found in bacteria that can replicate independently and is often used in genetic engineering to transfer genes.

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What is gene therapy?

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Gene therapy is a technique that modifies a person's genes to treat or prevent disease, often by inserting a healthy gene to replace a faulty one.

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What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?

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A GMO is an organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques to exhibit desired traits.

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What is cloning in genetics?

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Cloning is the process of creating a genetically identical copy of an organism or cell, often used in research and agriculture.

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What is selective breeding?

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Selective breeding is the process of breeding plants or animals for specific traits, enhancing desirable characteristics over generations.

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What is recombinant DNA?

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Recombinant DNA is DNA that has been artificially formed by combining constituents from different organisms, often used in genetic engineering.

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What is bioluminescence in genetic engineering?

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Bioluminescence is the natural ability of certain organisms to produce light, which can be introduced into other organisms through genetic engineering.

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What is the purpose of inserting a human gene into a bacterial plasmid?

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The purpose is to produce proteins that can be used for medical treatments, research, or industrial applications.