Relationships in Ecosystems

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What is an ecosystem?

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An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals, and microorganisms) interacting with one another and their physical environment (soil, water, air) in a specific area.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

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What is a predator?

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A predator is an organism that hunts and consumes other organisms for food.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

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What is a prey?

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A prey is an organism that is hunted and consumed by a predator.

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What is a predator-prey relationship?

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A predator-prey relationship is an ecological interaction where one organism (the predator) feeds on another organism (the prey), influencing the population dynamics of both species.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

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What is symbiosis?

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Symbiosis is a close and long-term interaction between two different species, which can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful to one or both parties.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

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What is parasitism?

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Parasitism is a type of symbiotic relationship where one organism (the parasite) benefits at the expense of another organism (the host), often causing harm to the host.

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What is mutualism?

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Mutualism is a type of symbiotic relationship where both organisms involved benefit from the interaction.

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What is commensalism?

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Commensalism is a type of symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed.

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What are producers?

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Producers are organisms, typically plants and algae, that can make their own food through photosynthesis, forming the base of the food chain.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

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What are consumers?

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Consumers are organisms that cannot produce their own food and must eat other organisms (plants or animals) to obtain energy.