AP Biology - Unit 2 review

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, requiring energy in the form of ATP.

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the use of energy, occurring from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Front

Define hypertonic solution.

Back

A hypertonic solution is one where the concentration of solutes outside the cell is greater than inside, causing water to move out of the cell.

Front

Define hypotonic solution.

Back

A hypotonic solution is one where the concentration of solutes outside the cell is lower than inside, causing water to move into the cell.

Front

Define isotonic solution.

Back

An isotonic solution is one where the concentration of solutes is equal inside and outside the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.

Front

What are plasmodesmata?

Back

Plasmodesmata are microscopic channels that traverse the cell walls of plant cells, allowing for communication and transport of materials between adjacent cells.

Front

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Back

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a process by which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels, requiring no energy.

Front

What is the role of ATP in active transport?

Back

ATP provides the energy required for active transport to move substances against their concentration gradient.

Front

What are gap junctions?

Back

Gap junctions are specialized intercellular connections that allow direct communication between adjacent cells, primarily in animal tissues.