genetics vocabulary

Front

What does 'heterozygous' mean?

Back

An organism is heterozygous when it has two different alleles for a trait, such as Tt.

Front

What is a 'phenotype'?

Back

The phenotype is the physical or visible appearance of an organism, determined by its genotype.

Front

What does 'homozygous' refer to?

Back

An organism is homozygous when it has two identical alleles for a trait, such as TT or tt.

Front

What is 'homozygous dominant'?

Back

An organism is homozygous dominant when it has two dominant alleles for a trait, such as BB or TT.

Front

What is 'genotype'?

Back

The genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it carries, such as Tt or BB.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup (e.g., Tt), while phenotype refers to the observable traits (e.g., tall plant).

Front

What are alleles?

Back

Alleles are different forms of a gene that determine specific traits, such as tall (T) or short (t) in plants.

Front

What is a dominant allele?

Back

A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even when paired with a different allele (e.g., T in Tt).

Front

What is a recessive allele?

Back

A recessive allele is an allele that only expresses its trait when paired with another recessive allele (e.g., tt).

Front

What does 'homozygous recessive' mean?

Back

An organism is homozygous recessive when it has two recessive alleles for a trait, such as tt.