U5 Cell Cycle Review 2024 HBio

Front

What is a proto-oncogene?

Back

A proto-oncogene is a normal gene that can become an oncogene due to mutations or increased expression, leading to uncontrolled cell growth.

Front

What happens when a proto-oncogene is mutated?

Back

When a proto-oncogene is mutated, it can cause cells to go through the cell cycle quickly, potentially leading to cancer.

Front

What is the function of tumor suppressor genes?

Back

Tumor suppressor genes help prevent the growth of tumors by regulating cell division and repairing DNA.

Front

What occurs when a cell ignores the checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Back

When a cell ignores the checkpoints, it may lead to uncontrolled growth and cancer.

Front

What is the role of checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Back

Checkpoints are regulatory pathways that ensure the cell cycle progresses only when certain conditions are met, preventing errors.

Front

What is cytokinesis?

Back

Cytokinesis is the process during cell division where the cytoplasm of a parental cell is divided into two daughter cells.

Front

How does cytokinesis differ in plant and animal cells?

Back

In plant cells, cytokinesis creates a cell plate, while in animal cells, it forms a cleavage furrow.

Front

What is the significance of the cell cycle?

Back

The cell cycle is crucial for growth, development, and tissue repair in organisms, ensuring proper cell division.

Front

What are the phases of the cell cycle?

Back

The cell cycle consists of interphase (G1, S, G2) and mitotic phase (mitosis and cytokinesis).

Front

What occurs during prophase?

Back

During prophase, chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and spindle fibers begin to form.