Mutations review

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What is a mutation?

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A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

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What are the main types of mutations?

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The main types of mutations are point mutations (substitutions), insertions, deletions, and chromosomal mutations.

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What is a point mutation?

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A point mutation is a change in a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence.

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What is a substitution mutation?

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A substitution mutation occurs when one nucleotide is replaced by another in the DNA sequence.

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What is a missense mutation?

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A missense mutation is a type of substitution mutation that results in a different amino acid being incorporated into a protein.

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What is a nonsense mutation?

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A nonsense mutation is a substitution mutation that creates a premature stop codon, leading to a truncated protein.

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What is a silent mutation?

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A silent mutation is a substitution mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein.

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What is an insertion mutation?

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An insertion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotides are added to the DNA sequence.

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What is a deletion mutation?

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A deletion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotides are removed from the DNA sequence.

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What is chromosomal mutation?

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A chromosomal mutation is a change in the structure or number of chromosomes, which can affect many genes.