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What is biodiversity?

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Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem, including the diversity of species, genetic variation, and ecological processes.

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Why is biodiversity important for ecosystems?

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Biodiversity contributes to ecosystem stability, resilience, and productivity, allowing ecosystems to better withstand environmental changes and disturbances.

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What factors contribute to higher biodiversity in an area?

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Factors include climate (temperature and rainfall), habitat diversity, availability of resources, and ecological interactions.

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What is an ecological niche?

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An ecological niche is the role or function of an organism or species within an ecosystem, including its habitat, resource use, and interactions with other organisms.

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How does genetic diversity affect a population?

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Genetic diversity increases a population's ability to adapt to environmental changes and resist diseases, enhancing its survival.

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What is the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem services?

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Higher biodiversity enhances ecosystem services such as pollination, water purification, and nutrient cycling, which are essential for human well-being.

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What are some consequences of decreased biodiversity?

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Decreased biodiversity can lead to ecosystem instability, loss of species, reduced resilience to environmental changes, and loss of potential resources like food and medicine.

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How do invasive species affect biodiversity?

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Invasive species can outcompete native species for resources, disrupt food webs, and lead to declines in native biodiversity.

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What is the significance of keystone species in an ecosystem?

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Keystone species have a disproportionately large impact on their ecosystem, and their removal can lead to significant changes in community structure and biodiversity.

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What role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?

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Decomposers break down dead organic matter, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem, which supports plant growth and overall ecosystem health.