Forensics DNA

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What is DNA fingerprinting?

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A technique used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA profiles.

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Why do no two people have exactly the same DNA?

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Except for identical twins, the genetic makeup of individuals is unique due to variations in their DNA sequences.

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What is the role of DNA in living organisms?

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DNA serves as the blueprint for the traits and characteristics of all living things.

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What is the significance of DNA evidence in criminal investigations?

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DNA evidence can link a suspect to a crime scene or victim, providing strong evidence of involvement.

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What are the components of DNA?

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DNA is composed of nucleotides, which include a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

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What is the function of genes?

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Genes are segments of DNA that contain instructions for building proteins, which determine traits.

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How can DNA be used to exonerate a suspect?

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DNA testing can prove that a suspect's DNA does not match DNA found at a crime scene, indicating they are not the perpetrator.

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What is the difference between nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA?

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Nuclear DNA is inherited from both parents and contains the majority of genetic information, while mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from the mother and is used for maternal lineage tracing.

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What is a DNA match?

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A DNA match occurs when two DNA samples share the same genetic markers, indicating a possible biological relationship.

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What is the process of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?

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PCR is a technique used to amplify small segments of DNA, making millions of copies for analysis.