203 Exam 3 Review

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What is crystallized intelligence?

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Crystallized intelligence refers to the ability to use learned knowledge and experience. It tends to improve with age.

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What is fluid intelligence?

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Fluid intelligence is the capacity to think logically and solve problems in novel situations, independent of acquired knowledge. It typically declines with age.

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What is the key difference between panic disorder and specific phobia?

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Panic disorder symptoms tend to occur spontaneously, while specific phobia symptoms are triggered by particular stimuli.

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What does Social Cognitive Theory suggest about prejudice?

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Social Cognitive Theory posits that prejudice can be learned through observation and imitation of others' behaviors and attitudes.

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What is the fundamental attribution error?

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The fundamental attribution error is the tendency to overemphasize personal characteristics and ignore situational factors when judging others' behavior.

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What is diffusion of responsibility?

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Diffusion of responsibility occurs when individuals feel less compelled to take action in an emergency because they believe others will do so.

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What is pluralistic ignorance?

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Pluralistic ignorance is a phenomenon where individuals mistakenly believe that their thoughts and feelings are different from those of the group.

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What is groupthink?

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Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon where the desire for harmony in a decision-making group leads to irrational or dysfunctional outcomes.

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What is the empathy gap?

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The empathy gap refers to the difficulty individuals have in understanding or empathizing with the feelings of others, especially in different emotional states.

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What is the role of observational learning in prejudice formation?

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Observational learning suggests that individuals can develop prejudiced attitudes by observing and imitating the behaviors of others.