Central Dogma and Mutations
Flashcard
•
Biology, Science
•
9th Grade
•
Hard
Wayground Content
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15 questions
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology?
Back
The Central Dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein, outlining the processes of transcription and translation.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is transcription in the context of the Central Dogma?
Back
Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically messenger RNA (mRNA), which carries the genetic information to the ribosome.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is translation in the context of the Central Dogma?
Back
Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA, translating the sequence of nucleotides into a sequence of amino acids.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a mutation?
Back
A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can affect how genes function and can lead to changes in the resulting protein.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a point mutation?
Back
A point mutation is a type of mutation where a single nucleotide base is changed, inserted, or deleted from a sequence of DNA.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a frameshift mutation?
Back
A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence, causing a shift in the reading frame of the codons.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a silent mutation?
Back
A silent mutation is a type of point mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence of the resulting protein.
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