Chi-Squared and T-Tests

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What is the Chi-Squared Test used for?

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The Chi-Squared Test is used to determine if there is a significant association between categorical variables.

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What does the null hypothesis (H0) represent in hypothesis testing?

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The null hypothesis (H0) represents the statement that there is no effect or no difference, and it is the hypothesis that researchers aim to test against.

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What is the alternative hypothesis (Ha)?

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The alternative hypothesis (Ha) is the statement that indicates the presence of an effect or a difference, opposing the null hypothesis.

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What is the formula for calculating the Chi-Squared statistic?

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The formula is χ² = Σ((O - E)² / E), where O is the observed frequency and E is the expected frequency.

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What does a p-value indicate in hypothesis testing?

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A p-value indicates the probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the observed results, assuming that the null hypothesis is true.

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What is the significance level (α) in hypothesis testing?

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The significance level (α) is the threshold for rejecting the null hypothesis, commonly set at 0.05.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.4

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What is the difference between one-tailed and two-tailed tests?

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A one-tailed test checks for an effect in one direction, while a two-tailed test checks for effects in both directions.

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What is the critical value in hypothesis testing?

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The critical value is the threshold that the test statistic must exceed in order to reject the null hypothesis.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.ID.A.4

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What are expected counts in a Chi-Squared test?

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Expected counts are the frequencies that would be expected in each category if the null hypothesis were true.

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What is the first step in conducting a hypothesis test?

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The first step is to state the null and alternative hypotheses.