LS1.4 BIO1 Review

Front

What is the Central Dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The Central Dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Front

What role does RNA polymerase play in transcription?

Back

RNA polymerase binds to promoter regions of DNA to initiate transcription.

Front

Why do different proteins have different sequences of amino acids?

Back

Different proteins are coded by genes with unique nucleotide sequences.

Front

What is the function of a promoter in DNA?

Back

A promoter is a specific DNA sequence where RNA polymerase binds to start transcription.

Front

How many amino acids can a sequence of 12 RNA bases code for?

Back

A sequence of 12 RNA bases can code for a maximum of 4 amino acids.

Front

What is the significance of codons in protein synthesis?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that specify a particular amino acid.

Front

What is the relationship between DNA and proteins?

Back

DNA contains the instructions for making proteins, which are essential for cellular functions.

Front

What are exons and introns?

Back

Exons are coding regions of a gene, while introns are non-coding regions that are removed during RNA processing.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular machinery that translate mRNA into a polypeptide chain (protein).

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA that can affect protein synthesis.