Cell Cycle Control

Front

How many cell cycle checkpoints are there?

Back

There are 3 cell cycle checkpoints: G1 checkpoint, G2 checkpoint, and M checkpoint.

Front

What is a characteristic of cancer cells?

Back

Cancer cells do not respond to growth inhibitors, allowing them to grow uncontrollably.

Front

What is an example of a tumor suppressor gene?

Back

p53 is a well-known tumor suppressor gene that helps regulate the cell cycle.

Front

How can cancer be best described?

Back

Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled cell growth.

Front

What stops uncontrolled cell division?

Back

Uncontrolled cell division is stopped by tumor suppressor genes.

Front

What role do cyclins play in the cell cycle?

Back

Cyclins are proteins that regulate the progression of the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).

Front

What is the function of proto-oncogenes?

Back

Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that can become oncogenes when mutated, leading to cancer.

Front

What is apoptosis?

Back

Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death that eliminates damaged or unnecessary cells.

Front

What is the significance of the G1 checkpoint?

Back

The G1 checkpoint assesses cell size, DNA integrity, and environmental conditions before allowing the cell to proceed to DNA synthesis.

Front

What happens at the G2 checkpoint?

Back

The G2 checkpoint ensures that DNA has been replicated correctly and checks for DNA damage before the cell enters mitosis.